数字普惠,让数字文明人人共享******
【乌镇实践】
光明日报见习记者 刘习
世界互联网大会乌镇峰会“长三角一体化数字文明共建研讨会”11月9日在乌镇互联网国际会展中心举行。与会嘉宾、专家学者及代表企业负责人聚焦长三角一体化发展、共话数字文明,多位专家针对数字普惠议题建言献策。
浙江省委常委、常务副省长徐文光表示,紧扣“一体化”和“高质量”两个关键词,长三角地区正合力打造民生一体化应用场景。目前,长三角“民生一卡通”已加载公共交通等21项服务功能;138项政务服务事项实现长三角一网通办;异地门诊直接结算已覆盖长三角41个城市。“共建共享、开放融合、互助共进、多跨协同”的“数字长三角”合作平台的打造,激发了长三角地区数字协同创新活力。
嘉兴位于长三角中心腹地,乘着长三角一体化发展的东风,以数字化统筹城乡发展。“去年,所有村集体年经常性收入都超过120万元,城乡收入比达到1.60:1。”浙江省嘉兴市委书记陈伟介绍,“在嘉兴,家庭千兆光网覆盖率达95%以上,数字基建为数字化改革和数字文明建设提供了底座支撑。同时,人才引进和智力成果的产出不仅让人民享受数字文明成果,也让更多人体验参与数字文明建设的成就感。”
“数字赋能长三角经济一体化发展有着现实的禀赋支撑,也有新的路径和突破。”浙江大学副校长、长三角一体化发展研究中心主任黄先海在主旨演讲中从产业发展建设的角度出发,提出打通消费互联网与产业互联网;打通中国市场与世界市场;打通数字创新与产业发展;打通实体经济与数字经济;打通区域数据指标,让数字普惠不同链条、不同行业、不同主体,在推进建设长三角数字经济一体化的同时,构筑网络空间命运共同体。
数字安全保障有力是全球数字发展的必由之路。中国工程院院士、国家数字交换系统工程技术研究中心主任邬江兴从技术的角度出发,提出以内生安全赋能数字基础设施网络弹性。他介绍道:“目前已经开发的20多类40多种产品,基本满足现有数字基础设施的升级改造问题。构建于南京紫金山实验室的网络内生安全实验场向全球开放,为各主体以数字赋能发展提供了安全环境。”
浙江清华长三角研究院智库中心主任李继春从中国传统哲学的思维视角阐释数字文明,提出自然之力应当是数字文明发展的遵循,技术向善是以数字化改革推动数字文明建设进程中的重要伦理遵循,要在建设数字文明的进程中尊重人、发展人。
数字文明建设的普惠和关怀不仅成于理念,还体现在行业内的各项实践。“我国有许多残障人士,他们的数字生活值得关注,支付宝就把残障人士的使用作为技术开发强制标准。”蚂蚁集团党委副书记、首席合规官李臣在研讨会上如是说。
在数字化治理的同时提供数字化服务和关怀,是企业参与数字文明建设、让建设成果惠及更多人的生动体现。南京图灵人工智能研究院首席执行官李强介绍,在一次计算、数据安全、图像诊疗技术的支持下,图灵联合北京协和医院和南京妇幼保健院,针对33个国家级贫困县的妇产医院提供了远程诊疗系统,为贫困地区人民提供更美好的生活和医疗保障。科大讯飞则立足智能语音、计算机视觉上的技术优势,优化产业布局。据科大讯飞副总裁孙东平介绍:“科大讯飞教育为教师减少30%的备课时间,语文和英语作文的批改时间减少70%,学生更精准学、练,课后作业时间减少50%。”
上海社会科学院副院长、长三角与长江经济带研究中心常务副主任王振指出,技术迭代、使用场景丰富、操作方式简洁化,体现的是数字文明建设过程中的人文关怀。对此,嘉兴学院经济学院院长、嘉兴学院中国共同富裕研究院执行院长文雁兵表示认同,在他看来,以人民为中心的发展理念和马克思所提出的人的全面发展目标能够通过数字文明的新思想、新进程、新路径得以实现。
据悉,本次研讨会上,沪苏浙皖长三角联席办和上海青浦、上海松江、杭州、宁波、嘉兴、湖州、南京、苏州、合肥、芜湖等10个城市人民政府还共同倡议发起组建了“数字长三角共建联盟”,并发布《携手迈向长三角数字文明新未来——乌镇宣言》。会议同时采用网易瑶台元宇宙会议系统搭建了元宇宙虚拟会场,打破了空间限制,为参会人士提供了更真切的现场感受。
《光明日报》( 2022年11月10日 12版)
中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |